During exercise a patient's heart rate is 120 beats/min and each side pumps 110 cm³ per beat. Cardiac output is the volume pumped by one side per minute.
.1
Calculate cardiac output in dm³/min.
[2 marks]
.2
Explain how increased cardiac output supports exercise.
[3 marks]
4 marksFoundation and Higher
Spec and skills
Original practice question
Answer and supported method checks
A potometer reservoir initially contains 24.0 cm³ of water. After 90 minutes it contains 17.7 cm³. A sealed control loses no water. The student claims that all 6.3 cm³ must have evaporated from the leaves.
.1
Calculate the shoot's mean uptake rate.
[2 marks]
.2
Evaluate the claim about evaporation.
[2 marks]
4 marksFoundation and Higher
Spec and skills
Original practice question
Answer and supported method checks
A respirometer shows a germinating seed sample uses 2.4 cm³ oxygen in 8 minutes. Its mass is 3.0 g. An equal-mass boiled sample uses no measurable oxygen.
.1
Calculate oxygen uptake rate per gram in cm³ per minute per gram.
[2 marks]
.2
Explain the difference between the seed samples.
[2 marks]
4 marksHigher
Spec and skills
Original practice question
Answer and supported method checks
Two cells have the same chromosomes. One differentiates into a muscle cell and the other into a nerve cell.
.1
Explain how each cell becomes suited to its function.
[2 marks]
.2
Evaluate the claim that different shapes prove these cells have different genes.
[2 marks]
6 marksHigher
Spec and skills
Original practice question
Answer and supported method checks
A campaign says: "Every lung cancer case is caused by smoking, so non-smokers need not consider any cancer risks."
