After rainfall, water enters soil and is taken up by trees. On a sunny day the air above the woodland contains more water vapour.
.1
Explain how water moves from the soil to the atmosphere through the trees.
[2 marks]
.2
Describe two later processes that return this water to land as part of the cycle.
[2 marks]
6 marksHigher
Spec and skills
Original practice question
Answer and supported method checks
A town offers a vaccine against a serious droplet-spread disease. Some residents cannot receive it for medical reasons. A group argues that vaccination is purely an individual choice with no effect on other people.
Evaluate the group's claim using vaccination and transmission.
[6 marks]
4 marksFoundation and Higher
Spec and skills
Original practice question
Answer and supported method checks
The diagram shows a student's drawing of a plant cell.
.1
The student has not drawn a cell membrane. Explain why a plant cell needs both a cell wall and a cell membrane.
[2 marks]
.2
The label 'aerobic respiration' points to the wrong structure. Name the structure it should point to, and explain why the cell needs to respire.
[2 marks]
5 marksFoundation and Higher
Spec and skills
Original practice question
Answer and supported method checks
A genetically engineered crop produces a protein harmful to one insect pest. Small field trials report less insect damage, but did not measure other insect populations.
.1
Explain how genetic engineering can produce the new crop characteristic.
[2 marks]
.2
Evaluate whether the trial establishes that large-scale use has no ecological disadvantages.
[3 marks]
5 marksHigher
Spec and skills
Original practice question
Answer and supported method checks
Four plants all have genotype RR at one tested gene, but their final heights are 14, 19, 24 and 27 cm. The plants grew with different supplies of water. A student claims that these results show height cannot be inherited.
.1
Explain why the student’s conclusion is not justified.
[3 marks]
.2
Suggest how to test the effect of water while reducing genetic differences between plants.
