GCSE Combined Science revision · Biology: homeostasis, inheritance and ecology

Higher: glucagon and the menstrual cycle

Higher only

The idea

When blood glucose falls, the pancreas releases glucagon, which makes the liver convert glycogen back into glucose. In the menstrual cycle, FSH from the pituitary makes an egg mature and stimulates the ovaries to produce oestrogen. Oestrogen thickens the uterus lining, inhibits FSH and stimulates LH. LH triggers ovulation. Progesterone maintains the uterus lining and inhibits FSH and LH.

  1. Name each hormone's source and effect.
  2. Show how hormones control each other.
  3. Link to the stages of the cycle.

Watch out Insulin and glucagon have opposite effects: glucagon raises blood glucose.

See it worked

Worked example

Explain how glucagon raises blood glucose concentration.

  1. The pancreas releases glucagon when glucose is low.
  2. Glucagon makes the liver convert glycogen into glucose, which is released into the blood.

Answer It makes the liver convert glycogen into glucose

Your turn

Question 1Calculator allowed1 mark

Which hormone triggers ovulation?

Choose one
Question 2Calculator allowed1 mark

Which hormone maintains the lining of the uterus?

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Question 3Calculator allowed1 mark

What does oestrogen do to FSH release?

Choose one

In past papers

22 official questions in 17 papers since 2018. The latest:

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Independent practice for AQA GCSE Combined Science: Trilogy (8464), not endorsed by AQA.

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