Non-renewable resources (fossil fuels: coal, oil and gas; nuclear fuel) will run out. Renewable resources (solar, wind, hydroelectricity, geothermal, tides, waves and biofuel) are replenished as they are used. Fossil fuels are reliable but release carbon dioxide, causing global warming, and sulfur dioxide, causing acid rain. Many renewables do not release carbon dioxide while generating but are less reliable (wind and solar depend on the weather).
Classify the resource.
Give advantages: reliability, cost, emissions.
Give disadvantages.
Watch out Nuclear power releases no carbon dioxide when generating, but it is non-renewable and produces radioactive waste.
See it worked
Worked example
Give one advantage and one disadvantage of wind power.
Advantage: renewable and releases no carbon dioxide when generating.
Disadvantage: unreliable because it depends on the wind, and turbines can be noisy or spoil views.
Answer Renewable with no carbon emissions, but unreliable
Your turn
Question 1Calculator allowed·1 mark
Which is a renewable energy resource?
Question 2Calculator allowed·1 mark
Which is a disadvantage of burning fossil fuels?
Question 3Calculator allowed·1 mark
Which renewable resource can generate electricity at any time on demand?
In past papers
22 official questions in 22 papers since 2018. The latest: